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"So many people look at the same photo and see two sets of such dramatically different colors." Unlike rods, there are actually three different types of cones, and each has a different opsin. Red cones absorb light best at 560 nanometers, green cones at 530 nanometers, and blue cones at 430 nanometers.
Including the option “there is no correct answer” may also be beneficial. The viral phenomenon The Dress revealed astonishing individual differences in color perception (Gegenfurtner et al., 2015). Some people claimed they saw a blue and black dress while others thought the dress was white and gold, referring to the same photograph. The quest to identify the “correct answer” about the colors of The Dress became a hot topic in social media (e.g., Akbaerian, 2015) and millions of people shared the photograph, among others, in order to make sense of it . Thus, if a person initially has a belief that is in contrast to the majority of trusted others (e.g., “white and gold” in contrast to a majority of “blue and black”), they may conclude that the question is not possible to answer.
Is the dress is blue and black or gold and white?
Someday last year I opened my Facebook app and almost all the posts on the news feed were this photo — “The Dress”. My first reaction was like, “Well it’s just a white and gold dress. After reviewing several posts I realized not all the people think it’s a white and gold dress. Other photographs show that the dress is actually blue and black.
Lucy Hale, Phoebe Tonkin, and Katie Nolan saw different colour schemes at different times. Lady Gaga described the dress as "periwinkle and sand", while David Duchovny called it teal. Other celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres and Ariana Grande, mentioned the dress on social media without mentioning specific colours. Politicians, government agencies and social media platforms of well-known brands also weighed in tongue-in-cheek on the issue.
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This is because people used to believe that the moon caused clouds to rain; therefore, they assumed that it also caused water vapor to rain down from the sky. For example, it is believed that if someone wants you to find something hidden, then they will hide it in plain sight in a place where everyone can see it but you. If you wear white when looking for this item, then you will help them track it down faster. This is why men often wear black suits when visiting doctors's offices or other places where they need to look small. It also helps men feel less vulnerable if they know they are wearing something dark. Research clearly shows that everyone’s personality traits shift over the years, often for the better.
So why are a lot of people noticing the image flipping back and forth between the colors? I believe that this has to do with the dark- or light-adapted state of the eye. If you’re having a tough time seeing it the other way, there are several things you can do to try to alter your perception.
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If you think the dress is being washed out by bright light, your brain may perceive the dress as a darker blue and black. If you think the dress is in shadow, your brain may remove the blue cast and perceive the dress as being white and gold. There now appears to be good evidence that The Dress is in fact blue and black (but it’s always good to keep some scepticism regarding information on the internet). Therefore, arguably, people who originally saw it this way have better colour constancy. They were able to take cues from the background and compensate for the very unnatural illumination.
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In the scientific world, this is called top-down processing. In the case of The Dress, researchers suggest that the differences in opinion on the colours depend on whether the viewer believes the photo was taken inside or outside. Similar theories have been expounded by the University of Liverpool's Paul Knox, who stated that what the brain interprets as colour may be affected by the device the photograph is viewed on, or the viewer's own expectations. Anya Hurlbert and collaborators also considered the problem from the perspective of colour perception. They attributed the differences in perception to individual perception of colour constancy. On 3 March, the Johnstons, Bleasdale, and MacNeill appeared as guests on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in the United States.
For example, fluorescent lights give off a higher percentage of yellow light than what is found in the color spectrum of daylight. However, we don’t see everybody and all things as yellow-tinged when we are indoors under fluorescent lighting conditions. The brain works to subtract out the extra yellow, in other words to compensate for the colors present in the light rays of the illuminant in order to yield our ultimate perception.
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